Ü over many years and I have to different art and attempts to construct artificially intelligent systems. The initial question for the various items trying was: what is human intelligence? The standard answer is: The ability to solve problems, to use language, to reason, plan, do, learn from experience. But what all this is common? ? And why did "intelligence" in general M a presumption reads: primate and human characteristics so that we have marked by the evolution principle two that really are not compatible. "Intelligence" makes them somewhat compatible with each other. The first property relates to our ability to learn. all living beings in different ways to learn. of the primate is distinguished by the large extent of, in the behaviors defined less and less by the gene. M is such a darling welcome the two people. we welcome in Central Europe are usually "shake hands" with. in men is often associated with shoulder-tap to embrace, with air-kissing women in a hug. this art to greet each other depends on the social and cultural context. in other cultures may look like the completely different: bow each other, go to your knees, put hands together. all this will be welcomed by very different patterns of movement achieved. I guess ch that there is a genetic predisposition to be welcomed, but the specific movements can be very different. interesting seems to me the following consideration. if we are to enter our strange culture, then we will immediately recognize the patterns of movement, welcome with which people in this culture, even if we move the corresponding never seen before and have probably not in a position to look out for. D hese high variability and behaviors indirect link between genetic predisposition and actual expression of different makes on the one hand for a wide variety act. and on the other hand, it makes every man in his behavior to other people potentially unpredictable. we are becoming aware that if and when someone does not regulate the human life holds together. "I would not have him / her think!" "What are you doing?" and "why do you do that?" together are not so rare in the utterances. D he other in this context is an important feature in our ability to form social communities. This is not unusual and occurs in many organisms. but our communities to set yourself apart from those of ants and bees in that we have personal relationships with other people. and we are necessarily dependent on human community. isolation means to prevent any human contact. this can be fatal. W ir potentially behave opportunities in our free than many other living beings, on the other hand, we are dependent on personal social relationships. in each community, we can see how quickly misunderstandings between friends, partners, siblings, lovers, colleagues, etc. arise. even though all involved for years "know". not to forget the transgressions of rules, regulations and statutes. and what is driven effort from everyone to everyone else to make themselves udn predictable. agreements, promises, appointments, oaths, bonds, criminal threats, proliferation treaty, human rights, military alliances are intended to provide the security that we experience as possible with no surprises other people. A about we rely not only on such assurances. at least in direct contact with each other we prefer to advise our direct observations. acts of others so that I give him (or her) can be trusted? agree facial expressions, gestures, tone choice of words together? we are to trust, based on such observations to estimate reliability and truthfulness of others who need it. why W ir - especially primates and other animals - have a wonderful neural subsystem in our brain to us an indirect access to the purposes and objectives of other people give. there are mirror neurons, the so-called, including the premotor cortex that fire both when an individual performs an action and when the same action is observed with someone else (see mirror neuron ). There are many speculations to the particular context of the emotional system and the ability of compassion and feeling concerned. ; W as , the brain with the "information" of a mirror neuron begin on the ground an observed action is concluded? because mirror neurons are also active when we ourselves perform that action, there must be a neural connection from the brain areas in which the treatment goals and intentions are determined. a mirror-neuron firing due to an observed treatment, here is what the connection will be run in the opposite direction and activity in the neural pathways across a similar produce that would be produced if one were to perform this treatment themselves. in this way, we can speculate why the others should do as we can observe it. J e more we have in common with the other people, language, culture, community experiences, family ties, the safer we are is to understand the other. the more "foreign" is a one man, the more difficult it is for us the behavior of other well enough to say beforehand and understand the intentions behind them. the predictive ability of the potential behavior of other human pursuit of social cohesion. we can coordinate ourselves better now avoid conflicts in advance common goals, and arrange follow. mutual observation is the best social control is to rule violations, free-riding, fraud and unjust to prevent any unfair advantages. We achieve this through the office doors open, market places, cafes, street lighting, just to see people only (in German: gape) and gossip. M a opinion, this form of the predictive ability of the potential nuclear behavior of other people, which constitutes a basis of what we call human intelligence. to speculate about the inner intentions of observable action leads to logical thinking. If this man does this, he thinks this then he will be next do this or that. as in the chess game we are developing a system control, to the other to count off "or to make just predictable. as was shown in many research and still is, even the smallest changes, especially in the meet but also mimic the posture and gesture to the inner intentions to make visible. ; E established team records in the fact that even the slightest hint of movement to the corresponding and synchronized so that movements are triggered by the other members . at denolympischen we can play the bobsled observe how they run before the actual, the bahn leave together in thought. an expression of utmost concentration but also the most calm one observer was raised for en. and then they drive. the same applies to married couples, siblings, for all people who live many years in a confined space together. provided they can stand each other in principle! T Anzen is a special example for the spontaneous rate of successive movements. at least in the few dance is this here is also clear that a kind of blind trust is necessary. we must be sure the others will just be where we expect. we do not have to look and check. the other is there for us. A over the same goes for enemy in a competitive sport like table tennis. The balls fly so fast over the top, that it is impossible to pursue the trajectory exactly bouncing off the wait and then decide what you want to do yourself. good table tennis players are long since put in the right, is before the ball arrived on her page. looks at the same strong players learn the game then also more like a dance. and the better the players are, the more beautiful it looks and acts more like a dance. In contrast, there are plus points if it succeeds, the other to bring out the rhythm and the more successful and if one than the other, then you have won. dancing in the joint motion, we try as long as possible to maintain the competitive, however as soon as possible to interrupt. the means is the same both times: forecasting. metabemerkung: the article is not yet quite finished, but so far that he can go to the net ...
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